Wound Care 

Treating and healing wounds involving various techniques, and medical interventions to promote optimal healing, prevent infection, and minimize complications, creating a conducive environment for the body’s natural healing processes to take place.

 

Continence Management

Assessment, treatment, and management of urinary and/or fecal incontinence aimed to improve or restore an individual’s ability to control their bladder and bowel functions and may include lifestyle modifications, bladder training, exercises, medication, assistive devices, education, and support.

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Personal Care 

Personal care refers to the activities and tasks that individuals perform to maintain their personal hygiene, grooming and overall physical well-being.  Personal care is essential for promoting cleanliness, comfort, and maintaining good health and should be performed daily.  Some common components of personal care assistance may include support with bathing or showering, oral hygiene, hair, and skin care, shaving and grooming, nail care, toilet hygiene, continence care, applying medications or topical treatments. Personal care assistance is personally tailored to the individual’s needs, preferences, and any specific health conditions or limitations.

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Diabetes Management ​

Diabetes is a chronic condition characterised by high blood glucose levels due to either insufficient insulin production (Type 1 diabetes) or ineffective use of insulin (Type 2 diabetes). Diabetes management could involve blood glucose monitoring, healthy eating plans considering the glycemic index of carbohydrates, physical activity plan, medications and insulin therapy, self-care and diabetes education, preventative care and complication management, stress management and medical reviews.

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Medication Management 

Effective medication management is crucial to optimise therapeutic outcomes, minimise medication errors and prevent adverse drug reactions. 

Aspects of medication management could involve assessment including evaluating the individual’s medical condition, allergies, other medications being taken (including herbal supplements), and drug contraindications; medication administration, adherence and monitoring to ensure optimal therapeutic outcomes and detect any adverse effects or medication-related problems; education around the purpose, expected benefits and potential side effects of the medication.

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Stoma Care Management 

Stoma refer to a surgically created opening in the body to divert the flow of bodily waste and are typically created in the abdomen.  Stoma care management involves assessment and education, stoma hygiene, regular appliance changes of ostomy bags or pouches, skin protection and barrier creams, diet and hydration management, complication management and emotional support and ongoing education.

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Pain Management 

Successful pain management assesses, treats, and alleviates pain to improve quality of life, enhance functioning, and minimise the physical, emotional, and social impact of pain. 

Key aspects of pain management involve an assessment of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions; physical and rehabilitative therapies such as exercise, stretching, postural correction, and functional training as well as psychosocial support; education about the nature of pain, its causes, treatment options and self-management techniques about medication adherence, proper use of non-pharmacological techniques, stress management and lifestyle modifications.

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Pressure Care Management

Also known as pressure ulcer prevention and refers to a range of strategies and interventions aimed at preventing the development of pressure ulcers and promoting the healing of existing wounds.  Pressure sores are areas of damaged skin and underlying tissues that develop due to prolonged pressure, friction, or shear forces on specific body areas. 

Aspects of pressure care management include: a risk assessment for developing pressure ulcers; regular skin inspections; skin hygiene and moisture management; nutrition and hydration assessment; pressure redistribution options including repositioning, specialised cushions and overlays, proper positioning, and alignment of the body; wound management including wound cleaning and debridement, applying appropriate dressings; continuous monitoring and assessing.

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Falls Risk Assessment

Falls are a significant health concern, particularly among older adults as a fall can lead to serious injuries and complications.  Falls risk assessments are conducted to identify if someone may be at higher risk of falling and to implement preventative measures to reduce the occurrence of falls. Based on the findings of the assessment, appropriate preventive measures can be implemented. 

These may include a combination of interventions such as exercise to improve strength and balance, modifications to the living environment, medication adjustments, vision correction, use of assistive devices, education on fall prevention strategies.

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Home Safety Assessment

A home safety assessment is a systematic evaluation of an individual’s living environment to identify potential hazards and make recommendations to improve safety and prevent accidents or injuries.  It is particularly important for older adults, individuals with disabilities, or those recovering from an illness or surgery who may have reduced mobility, balance issues, or sensory impairments. 

An assessment would involve evaluating the accessibility and safety of the home’s entrances and exits; assessing the overall lighting of each room; the type and condition of flooring surfaces; proper furniture arrangement to promote easy mobility; bathroom safety features; kitchen safety; electrical safety like checking for overloaded outlets, exposed wires, smoke detectors and functionality of electrical appliances; emergency preparedness and assistive device recommendations.​

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Chronic Disease Management

Chronic diseases are typically characterised by their prolonged duration, requiring ongoing management and treatment to control symptoms, prevent complications, and improve quality of life. Examples of chronic diseases include diabetes, hypertension, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), heart disease, and arthritis.  To reduce the burden of chronic conditions requires a collaborative multidisciplinary approach to healthcare and may include primary care physicians, specialists, nurses, pharmacists, dietitians, physical therapist, and mental health professionals.  Coordination of care ensures that all aspects of an individual’s health are addressed, and interventions are well

coordinated and integrated.

 

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